At present, aluminum alloy materials have been widely used in the field of aircraft manufacturing, which can effectively improve the performance of aircraft structure and ensure the safety of aircraft. At present, aluminum alloy materials are used in oil tank, skin and propeller. However, in different times, the requirements for aluminum alloy materials in the aerospace field are different, and the types of materials used are also different. Since the 1990s, aluminum alloy materials have higher requirements, which should have high toughness, high strength and other properties, which can not only reduce the self weight of components, but also improve the quality of components.
Application of aluminum alloy castings in aerospace
In recent years, China has achieved rapid development in the field of aerospace and aviation, and the level of aircraft manufacturing has also been rapidly improved. In modern aircraft manufacturing, about 2000 kinds of aluminum alloy castings are used, distributed in various parts. Due to the different functions of each part, the requirements for aluminum alloy castings are also different. Generally, they should have the properties of heat resistance, high strength, corrosion resistance and so on. High strength aluminum alloy castings can be used in control system, cabin, fuselage, seat and other places, which can effectively improve the safety of aircraft. Heat resistant aluminum alloy castings are generally used in engine compartment and other parts, mainly because of the high temperature, the use of heat-resistant aluminum alloy castings can avoid thermal deformation and other problems. The corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy components have good properties, which can avoid chemical corrosion and other problems, and are widely used in skin and other aspects.
2 Application of extruded profiles in aerospace
Driven by science and technology, aluminum alloy extruded steel is developing towards higher functions and properties, which can meet various needs in the field of aerospace. The main characteristics of this material are large-scale, lightweight, precision and high-quality. It can be widely used in the field of mechanical components of aircraft and spacecraft to improve the stability of the structure. At present, the main aluminum alloy extruded steels used in aircraft manufacturing in China include I-beam, ribbed wall panel, hollow beam and so on. When Aerospace uses large extruded profiles, the aluminum alloy materials used have great performance differences, such as. First, 2A12 and 7A04 type materials can be generally used for high-strength aluminum alloy, which can quickly improve the strengthening effect after heat treatment. Second, medium strength aluminum alloy, due to the different properties of each aluminum alloy material, will produce different strengthening effects after heat treatment. One is non reinforced aluminum alloy, including 5A06, 5b06 and other materials, and the other is reinforced aluminum alloy, including 6A02, 2A06 materials, etc. Third, low-strength aluminum alloy. Most low-strength aluminum alloy materials will not form strengthening effect after heat treatment, but will form hardening effect after heating. The main materials include industrial pure aluminum, 5A02, 5086 and other materials.
When manufacturing large extruded profiles, professional equipment is needed to ensure the material quality. Usually, heavy horizontal extruders are required, equipped with discharge table, tractor, quenching device, straightener, etc. In order to ensure the precision of manufacturing, it is also necessary to use PLC technology to control the specification, temperature and speed in the manufacturing process, so as to improve the quality of large extruded profiles. At the same time, high specific pressure extrusion cylinder can also be used. Technicians need to focus on controlling the strength of the inner sleeve to ensure the extrusion quality.
Application of Al Li alloy in aerospace
Aluminum lithium alloys first appeared in the 1930s. With the development of the times, the functions and properties of aluminum lithium alloys have been optimized and widely used in industrial fields. Its development stage was in the 1950s. The traditional aluminum lithium alloy was comprehensively evaluated by the United States, and its toughness and strength were modified. As a result, 2020 alloy appeared, which rapidly improved the properties of aluminum lithium alloy. In this regard, the United States applies it to the wing of the warning aircraft, which can effectively improve the performance of the wing and reduce the body weight. During its service life, there are no problems such as corrosion and damage, which makes the aluminum lithium alloy used all over the world. Until the 1980s, the former Soviet Union also studied the aluminum lithium alloy, so that the content of lithium reached more than 2.5%. It was named 1420 alloy, which can effectively improve the elastic modulus of aluminum lithium alloy and is widely used in fighter aircraft. With the development of time, after summarizing the production experience, the former Soviet Union has developed 1421, 1424 and other alloy materials with better properties than 1420 alloy, which provides a basis for the development of aluminum lithium alloy materials.
Aluminum lithium alloy materials have developed rapidly and made a qualitative leap in density, specific stiffness and strength. They have been widely used in the field of aerospace and aviation. They can be used in aircraft storage tanks, load components, rocket liquid oxygen containers, aircraft fuselage and so on.
Application of 4 aluminum alloy thick plate in aerospace
Aluminum alloy thick plate is a very important structural material, which can ensure the quality of aircraft and prevent fuselage fracture. Many western countries have continuously strengthened the research of aluminum alloy thick plate, and have realized 7075-t7651, 7055 and other materials. Among them, 7055 aluminum alloy thick plate can maximize the strength, which is about 20% - 30% higher than that of traditional aluminum alloy materials. Although the strength of 7075-t7651 aluminum alloy thick plate is not as good as 7055, it has the advantages of strong stress resistance, good corrosion resistance and high toughness. It can be widely used in aircraft landing gear, frame, skin and other parts. In practical application, many aluminum alloy thick plates are seriously affected by various factors, resulting in residual stress in the material, which will affect its load capacity and comprehensive properties, and affect the service life of the material. Therefore, many safety accidents are caused by the residual stress of aluminum alloy thick plate. In the production and manufacturing process, it is necessary to carry out key control to ensure the safety and stability of materials.
5 Conclusion
Through the above analysis, it can be seen that different aluminum alloy materials have different properties, functions and characteristics, which can be widely used in the field of aerospace and aviation, and play an important role in improving China's military strength and national defense strength. However, it should be noted that the manufacturing process of each aluminum alloy material is different, and the content to be controlled is also different. In the production stage, the influencing factors should be strictly controlled to ensure the material quality and avoid quality hidden dangers, so as to realize its due value.
